Arthur Haberlandt studied anthropology, ethnology and prehistory at the University of Vienna, obtained his doctorate in 1911 and habilitated in 1914 with a paper on the drinking water supply of primitive peoples.

The Österreichische Museum für Volkskunde (Austrian Museum for Folk Life and Folk Art), since 2013 also known for short as Volkskundemuseum, was created as a result of the popular interest in ethnological and folk life themes and the study of folk life and folk art established f

Marianne Schmidl, one of the first women ethnologists in Vienna, worked as an intern at the Vienna Museum of Folk Life and Folk Art while still a student.